全文获取类型
收费全文 | 23482篇 |
免费 | 3778篇 |
国内免费 | 3245篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 17808篇 |
晶体学 | 278篇 |
力学 | 1553篇 |
综合类 | 264篇 |
数学 | 2823篇 |
物理学 | 7779篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 420篇 |
2022年 | 433篇 |
2021年 | 634篇 |
2020年 | 895篇 |
2019年 | 892篇 |
2018年 | 777篇 |
2017年 | 737篇 |
2016年 | 1068篇 |
2015年 | 1075篇 |
2014年 | 1374篇 |
2013年 | 1652篇 |
2012年 | 2087篇 |
2011年 | 2150篇 |
2010年 | 1582篇 |
2009年 | 1427篇 |
2008年 | 1611篇 |
2007年 | 1408篇 |
2006年 | 1397篇 |
2005年 | 1176篇 |
2004年 | 982篇 |
2003年 | 837篇 |
2002年 | 866篇 |
2001年 | 729篇 |
2000年 | 547篇 |
1999年 | 495篇 |
1998年 | 382篇 |
1997年 | 327篇 |
1996年 | 356篇 |
1995年 | 298篇 |
1994年 | 232篇 |
1993年 | 193篇 |
1992年 | 196篇 |
1991年 | 199篇 |
1990年 | 152篇 |
1989年 | 132篇 |
1988年 | 95篇 |
1987年 | 81篇 |
1986年 | 87篇 |
1985年 | 64篇 |
1984年 | 56篇 |
1983年 | 45篇 |
1982年 | 34篇 |
1981年 | 33篇 |
1980年 | 30篇 |
1979年 | 19篇 |
1978年 | 24篇 |
1977年 | 25篇 |
1976年 | 23篇 |
1974年 | 20篇 |
1973年 | 26篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 62 毫秒
41.
采用基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理平面波超软赝势法,研究了Mg/Cd(不同的Cd浓度)共掺杂ZnO的电子结构和光学性质.研究表明:Mg/Cd共掺杂ZnO,体系的晶胞尺寸变大,但结构稳定.当Mg/Cd为1:1时,吸收边略微发生蓝移.随Cd的掺杂浓度增加,导带部分逐渐下移,禁带宽度变窄,出现红移现象.除此之外体系的吸收率和反射率也减小.说明Mg/Cd共掺杂ZnO,不仅使得体系光学谱丰富,而且透射性增强.这对实验中制备出高透射率的材料具有一定的指导意义. 相似文献
42.
43.
Wenyuan Xu Yan Wang Suying Li Yongbing Cheng Zanru Guo Lin Hu Mengyin Liao Jiaxi Peng Xi Chen Shaoming Yang 《应用有机金属化学》2021,35(1)
Dimethyldichlorosilane, one of the most consumed organosilicon monomers in the industry, can be prepared in a highly efficient and environmentally friendly synthesis method of disproportionating methylchlorosilanes. However, the internal mechanism of the reaction remains unclear. In this paper, the mechanism catalyzed by AlCl3/MIL‐53(Al) and AlCl3/MIL‐53(Al)@γ‐Al2O3 catalysts was calculated at B3LYP/6‐311++G(3df, 2pd) level by using the density functional theory (DFT). The results showed that although the two catalysts had similar active structures, the catalytic effects were significantly different. The Lewis acid center on the surface of γ‐Al2O3 in the core‐shell catalyst is complementary to the classic Lewis acid AlCl3 through the spatial superposition effect, which greatly improves the Lewis acid catalytic activity of AlCl3/MIL‐53(Al)@γ‐Al2O3. 相似文献
44.
In this paper,we first show that for a Banach space X,there is a fully order-reversing mapping T from conv(X)(the cone of all the extended real-valued lower semicontinuous proper convex functions defined on X) onto itself if and only if X is reflexive and linearly isomorphic to its dual X~*.Then we further prove the following generalized Artstein-Avidan-Milman representation theorem:For every fully order-reversing mapping T:conv(X)→conv(X),there exist a linear isomorphism U:X→X~*,x_0~*,φ_0∈X~*,α0 and r_0∈R so that(Tf)(x)=α(Ff)(Ux+x_0~*)+φ_0,x+r_0,■x∈X where T:conv(X)→conv(X~*) is the Fenchel transform.Hence,these resolve two open questions.We also show several representation theorems of fully order-preserving mappings defined on certain cones of convex functions.For example,for every fully order-preserving mapping S:semn(X)→ semn(X),there is a linear isomorphism U:X→ X so that(Sf)(x)=f(Ux),■f∈semn(X),x∈X where semn(X) is the cone of all the lower semicontinuous seminorms on X. 相似文献
45.
Nonlinear Dynamics - Two kinds of controllable evolutions of optical solitons are predicted in nonlocal nonlinear media by gradually tuning the characteristic length of response function. On the... 相似文献
46.
The rapid transmission of vaccinia virus(VACV)in vivo is thought to be closely related to the cell migration induced by it.Cell migration involved in dynamic changes of cell-substrate adhesion and actin cytoskeleton organization,which can influence by the micro/nano-scale topographic structures that cells are naturally exposed to via contact guidance.However,migration behaviors of VACV-infected cells exposed to topographic cues are still unknown.Herein,we designed an open chip with microgrooved poly(dimethyl siloxane)(PDMS)substrate to explore the topography roles in VACV-induced cell migration.Differed from the random cell migration observed in traditional scratch assay on planar substrate,VACV-infected cells had a tendency to persistently migrate along the axis parallel to microgroove with increased velocity.Moreover,infected cells exhibited a dominant elongated protrusion aligned to the micro-grating axis compare to the shorter lamella extended in any direction on smooth substrate.Interestingly,the Golgi complex preferred to relocate behind the nucleus confined within the micro-grating axis in majority of infected migratory cells.The directional polarization of cells embodied in protrusion formation and Golgi reorientation was responsible for the directionally persistent migration behaviors induced by VACV on microgrooved substrate.Infected cells response to substrate topography,causing the actin-filled stretched protrusion containing numerous virions and accelerated movement is likely to facilitate direct and rapid spread of VACV.This work opens a window for us to understand the migration behaviors of infected cells in vivo,and also provides a cue for revealing the relationship between virus-induced cell migration and virus rapid spread. 相似文献
47.
在线社交网络已发展成为一个独特的电子生态系统,其应用深刻影响着人们生活的方方面面。由于在线社交网络特性复杂,分析在线社交网络形成和变化中的规律成为当前计算机科学、社会学和物理学的一项挑战。传统上,在线社交网络实证研究主要采用计算机辅助的被动数据获取和分析方式。近年来,在真实大规模在线社交网络上直接进行控制实验从而主动获取数据并开展分析研究的方式广受关注。评述了这一领域的研究进展,包括:社交网络控制实验的主要研究模式;控制实验方法在社交网络结构、信息传播、行为和心理学等领域取得的主要成果以及主要实验工具的适用条件和局限性。最后,展望了人工智能技术在社交网络控制实验中的应用潜力,分析了智能算法对降低实验成本和提高实验效率的作用。 相似文献
48.
Zhang Qun-Zheng Li Zhi-Yuan Zhang Le Lv Na Pan Qing Ke Cong-Yu Zhang Xun-Li 《Russian Journal of Organic Chemistry》2020,56(12):2201-2206
Russian Journal of Organic Chemistry - There remain challenges for effectively synthesizing heterocycles containing both piperidine and pyridine rings, mainly due to the inefficient synthetic... 相似文献
49.
The multicaloric effect refers to the thermal response of a solid material driven by simultaneous or sequential application of more than one type of external field.For practical applications,the multicaloric effect is a potentially interesting strategy to improve the efficiency of refrigeration devices.Here,the state of the art in multi-field driven multicaloric effect is reviewed.The phenomenology and fundamental thermodynamics of the multicaloric effect are well established.A number of theoretical and experimental research approaches are covered.At present,the theoretical understanding of the multicaloric effect is thorough.However,due to the limitation of the current experimental technology,the experimental approach is still in progress.All these researches indicated that the thermal response and effective reversibility of multiferroic materials can be improved through multicaloric cycles to overcome the inherent limitations of the physical mechanisms behind single-field-induced caloric effects.Finally,the viewpoint of further developments is presented. 相似文献
50.